234. What is prolog

The part of an XML document that precedes the XMLdata. The prolog includes the declaration and an optional DTD.

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233. What is programmatic security

Security decisions that are made by security-aware applications. Programmatic security is useful when declarative security alone is not sufficient to express the security model of an application

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232. What is processing instruction

Information contained in an XML structure that is intended to be interpreted by a specific application.

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231. What is privilege

A security attribute that does not have the property of uniqueness and that can be shared by many principals.

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230. What is principal

The identity assigned to a user as a result of authentication.

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229. What is primary key

An object that uniquely identifies an entity bean within a home.

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227. What is point-to-point messaging system

A messaging system built on the concept of message queues. Each message is addressed to a specific queue; clients extract messages from the queues established to hold their messages.

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226. What is POA

Portable Object Adapter. A CORBA standard for building server-side applications that are portable across heterogeneous ORBs.

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225. What is persistent field

A virtual field of an entity bean that has container-managed persistence; it is stored in a database.

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224. What is persistence

The protocol for transferring the state of an entity bean between its instance variables and an underlying database.

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223. What is passivation

The process of transferring an enterprise bean from memory to secondary storage. See activation.

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222. What is parser

A module that reads in XML data from an input source and breaks it into chunks so that your program knows when it is working with a tag, an attribute, or element data. A no validating parser ensures that the XML data is well formed but does not verify that it is valid. See also validating parser.

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221. What is parsed entity

A general entity that contains XML and therefore is parsed when inserted into the XML document, as opposed to an unparsed entity.

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220. What is parameter entity

An entity that consists of DTD specifications, as distinct from a general entity. A parameter entity defined in the DTD can then be referenced at other points, thereby eliminating the need to recode the definition at each location it is used.

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209. What is OTS

Object Transaction Service. A definition of the interfaces that permit CORBA objects to participate in transactions.

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208. What is OS principal

A principal native to the operating system on which the J2EE platform is executing.

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207. What is ORB

Object request broker. A library that enables CORBA objects to locate and communicate with one another.

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206. What is one-way messaging

A method of transmitting messages without having to block until a response is received.

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205. What is OMG

Object Management Group. A consortium that produces and maintains computer industry specifications for interoperable enterprise applications.

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204. What is OASIS

Organization for the Advancement of Structured Information Standards. A consortium that drives the development, convergence, and adoption of e-business standards.

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203. What is notation

A mechanism for defining a data format for a non-XML document referenced as an unparsed entity. This is a holdover from SGML. A newer standard is to use MIME data types and namespaces to prevent naming conflicts.

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202. What is North American Industry Classification System (NAICS)

A system for classifying business establishments based on the processes they use to produce goods or services.

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201. What is normalization

The process of removing redundancy by modularizing, as with subroutines, and of removing superfluous differences by reducing them to a common denominator. For example, line endings from different systems are normalized by reducing them to a single new line, and multiple white space characters are normalized to one space.

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200. What is naming environment

A mechanism that allows a component to be customized without the need to access or change the component's source code. A container implements the component's naming environment and provides it to the component as a JNDI naming context. Each component names and accesses its environment entries using the
java:comp/env JNDI context. The environment entries are declaratively specified in the component's deployment descriptor.

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199. What is naming context

A set of associations between unique, atomic, people-friendly identifiers and objects.

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198. What is namespace

A standard that lets you specify a unique label for the set of element names defined by a DTD. A document using that DTD can be included in any other document without having a conflict between element names. The elements defined in your DTD are then uniquely identified so that, for example, the parser can tell when an element should be interpreted according to your DTD rather than using the definition for an element in a different DTD

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197. What is mutual authentication

An authentication mechanism employed by two parties for the purpose of proving each other's identity to one another.

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196. What is method permission

An authorization rule that determines who is permitted to execute one or more enterprise bean methods.

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195. What is method-binding _expression

A Java Server Faces EL _expression that refers to a method of a backing bean. This method performs either event handling, validation, or navigation processing for the UI component whose tag uses the method-binding _expression.

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194. What is mixed-content model

A DTD specification that defines an element as containing a mixture of text and one more other elements. The specification must start with #PCDATA, followed by diverse elements, and must end with the"zero-or-more" asterisk symbol (*).

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193. What is message producer

An object created by a JMS session that is used for sending messages to a destination.

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192. What is message-driven bean

An enterprise bean that is an asynchronous message consumer. A message-driven bean has no state for a specific client, but its instance variables can contain state across the handling of client messages, including an open database connection and an object reference to an EJB object. A client accesses a message-driven bean by sending messages to the destination for which the bean is a message listener.

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191. What is message consumer

An object created by a JMS session that is used for receiving messages sent to a destination.

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190. What is message

In the Java Message Service, an asynchronous request, report, or event that is created, sent, and consumed by an enterprise application and not by a human. It contains vital information needed to coordinate enterprise applications, in the form of precisely formatted data that describes specific business actions.

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189. What is managed bean creation facility

A mechanism for defining the characteristics of JavaBeans components used in a Java Server Faces application.

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188. What is local subset

That part of the DTD that is defined within the current XML file.

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187. What is life cycle (JavaServer Faces)

A set of phases during which a request for a page is received, a UI component tree representing the page is processed, and a response is produced. During the phases of the life cycle: The local data of the components is updated with the values contained in the request parameters. Events generated by the components are processed. Valuators and converters registered on the components are processed. The components' local data is updated to back-end objects. The response is rendered to the client while the component state of the response is saved on the server for future requests.

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186. What is life cycle (J2EE component)

The framework events of a J2EE component's existence. Each type of component has defining events that mark its transition into states in which it has varying availability for use. For example, a servlet is created and has its init method called by its container before invocation of its service method by clients or other servlets that require its functionality. After the call of its init method, ithas the data and readiness for its intended use. The servlet's destroy method is called by its container before the ending of its existence so that processing associated with winding up can be done and resource scan be released. The init and destroy methods in this example are callback methods. Similar considerations apply to the life cycle of all J2EE component types: enterprise beans, Web components (servlets or JSP pages), applets, and application clients.

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185. What is keystore

A file containing the keys and certificates used for authentication

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184. What is JTS

Abbreviate of Java Transaction Service.
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183. What is JTA

Abbreviate of Java Transaction API.

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182. What is JSTL

Abbreviate of Java Server Pages Standard Tag Library.

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181. What is JSP tag library

A collection of custom tags described via a tag
library descriptor and Java classes.

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180. What is JSP tag handler

A Java programming language object that implements the behavior of a custom tag.

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179. What is JSP tag file

A source file containing a reusable fragment of JSP code that is translated into a tag handler when a JSP page is translated into a servlet.

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178. What is JSP standard action

An action that is defined in the JSP specification and is always available to a JSP page.

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177. What is JSP scriptlet

A JSP scripting element containing any code fragment that is valid in the scripting language used in the JSP page. The JSP specification describes what a valid scriptlet for the case is where the language page attribute is "java".

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176. What is JSP scripting element

A JSP declaration, script let, or _expression whose syntax is defined by the JSP specification and whose content is written according to the scripting language used in the JSP page. The JSP specification describes the syntax and semantics for the case where the language page attribute is "java".

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175. What is JSP page

A text-based document containing static text and JSP elements that describes how to process a request to create a response. A JSP page is translated into and handles requests as a servlet.

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174. What is JSP _expression language?

A language used to write expressions that access the properties of JavaBeans components. EL expressions can be used in static text and in any standard or custom tag attribute that can accept an _expression.

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